航天医学与医学工程

在月球等低重力条件下执行舱外活动时，航天服重量作为着服人体负载，航天服的质心位置将影响人体对人服系统的运动控制。为揭示月面重力条件下航天服质心位置对人体活动的影响，本文通过一种悬吊系统模拟1/6重力，受试者承受载荷质心在人体矢状面前后、冠状面左右、横截面上下及靠近坐标原点时，捕捉站立、单膝跪起、行走三种典型运动的姿态和足底压力，通过动力学逆向求解关节力矩，结合受试者主观评价，通过对比分析确定适合人体在1/6重力活动的载荷质心方向。试验结果表明，人体对载荷质心上下变动不敏感，后置载荷次之，载荷左右侧配置为最应避免的质心布局方式。该结果可为月面航天服的布局设计提供参考。

When conducting extravehicular activities under low-gravity conditions like on the moon, the weight of the spacesuit is one of the loads that human body has to bear. The centroid position of the spacesuit will affect the motion control of the human-spacesuit system. In order to reveal the influence of the centroid position of the lunar spacesuit on human motion under lunar-gravity, a suspended 1/6 gravity simulation system was used for the experiment. When subjects were under different load centroids which include front and back on sagittal plane, left and right on coronal plane, up and down on cross-section plane, near to coordinate origin, the postures and plantar pressures of subjects during three typical movements: standing, single-knee standing and walking were captured. Inverse dynamics solution is adopted to analyze the joint torques of human body in above conditions. Combined with the subjective evaluation, the appropriate load centroid area was analyzed by comparative.The experiment shows that, human is non-sensitive to the up and down change of load centroid, the after is back change, the front and right load centroid are the mostly avoided.The results obtained by this study will provide a reference for the layout design of the lunar spacesuit.