航天医学与医学工程

随着载人航天事业的发展，太空特因环境引发的多系统生理病理改变已成为航天医学领域的核心挑战。针灸作为传统医学瑰宝，凭借其整体调节、稳态品质调节及非药物干预优势，将在航天健康保障体系中肩负重要使命。飞行前，通过针灸穴位刺激可增强人体生理储备能力和调节能力，为应对极端环境挑战奠定基础；在轨阶段，经皮穴位电刺激技术可防治失重性肌萎缩及骨丢失等多系统紊乱，维持机体内稳态；返回后，针灸则能有效促进机体功能重建与康复。基于此，本文提出针灸应发挥在航天医学中的使命与担当，贯穿“未病先防、既病防变、瘥后防复”的健康管理全周期，推动针灸在未来深空探测任务中发挥健康保障作用。

With the completion of China's space station and the normalization of long-duration orbital missions, mitigating the multi-system physiological and pathological changes induced by the space environment has emerged as a central challenge in space medicine. Acupuncture and moxibustion, as a treasure of traditional medicine, has an important mission in the aerospace health protection system by virtue of its overall regulation, homeostatic quality regulation and non-pharmacological intervention advantages. Before flight, acupuncture point stimulation can enhance the physiological reserve capacity and regulation ability of astronauts, laying the foundation for coping with the challenges of extreme environments; during the on-orbit phase, transcutanclus electrical acupoint stimulation can prevent and control multiple system disorders, such as space motion sickness, weightlessness muscular atrophy, and bone loss, and maintain the internal homeostasis of the organism; after the return, acupuncture can effectively promote the reconstruction of the organism's function and rehabilitation. Consequently, this paper advocates for the integration of acupuncture and moxibustion throughout the entire cycle of astronaut health management—encompassing "preventing disease before onset, preventing progression of existing conditions, and preventing relapse after recovery" —to leverage its strategic role in health protection for future deep-space exploration missions.