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目的 在隧道施工、采矿作业、航天航海等高风险工程的应急避险中，隔离密闭舱室得到了广泛应用。此类用于应急避险的舱室通常具有人员高度密集、空间狭小、封闭性强、留居时间可达数天等特点。然而，目前较长时间暴露于此类舱室，对相关人员身心健康的影响仍缺乏系统性结论。因此，本研究旨在揭示隔离密闭舱室120 h连续暴露对人员生理和心理健康的影响。方法 基于某救生舱开展8人120 h隔离密闭实验，采用配对样本t检验或Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较暴露前后症状自评量表得分、闪烁临界频率及体检指标的差异。结果 120 h暴露后，参试者的心理健康状况、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、间接胆红素及碱性磷酸酶水平均未出现显著变化。然而，QTc间期由（417.63±14.46）ms轻度延长至（440.50±25.53）ms(P=0.045)，增幅5.48%，收缩压显著下降6.53%(P=0.032)，直接胆红素上升64.10%(P=0.012)，尿酸上升16.10%(P=0.008)，尿素上升18.07%(P=0.002)，肌酐上升10.35%(P=0.003)，白蛋白球蛋白比值上升6.88%(P=0.007),γ-谷氨酰转移酶下降13.50%(P=0.029)，空腹血糖水平下降6.77%(P=0.012)。结论 本研究为隔离密闭舱室中人员身心健康风险的量化评估提供了基础数据，对该类舱室的设计优化、人员健康保障及管理策略制定具有实践参考价值。然而，本研究结论在航天、航海等领域的适用性仍有待进一步验证。
Abstract：Objective Isolated and confined chambers are increasingly used for emergency refuge in high-risk engineering projects such as tunnel construction, mining operations, and aerospace and maritime missions. These chambers are typically characterized by high personnel density, limited space, strong confinement, and a stay duration that can last up to several days while awaiting rescue. However, systematic evidence regarding the health effects of extended exposure in such chambers remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the effects of 120-hour continuous exposure in an isolated and confined chamber on the physiological and psychological health of personnel. Methods A 120-hour isolation and confinement experiment involving eight participants was conducted using a refuge chamber. Paired-samples t-tests or Wilcoxon signedrank tests were used to compare the differences in symptom checklist-90(SCL-90) scores, critical flicker frequency(CFF), and physical examination indicators before and after exposure. Results After 120 hours of exposure, no significant changes were observed in the participants' psychological health status, alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), indirect bilirubin, or alkaline phosphatase(ALP) levels. However, the corrected QT interval(QTc) was slightly prolonged from(417.63±14.46) ms to(440.50±25.53) ms(P=0.045), with an increase of 5.48%, and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly by 6.53%(P=0.032). Direct bilirubin increased by 64.10%(P=0.012), uric acid increased by 16.10%(P=0.008), urea increased by 18.07%(P=0.002), creatinine increased by 10.35%(P=0.003), the albumin/globulin ratio increased by 6.88%(P=0.007), gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT) decreased by 13.50%(P=0.029), and fasting blood glucose decreased by 6.77%(P=0.012). Conclusion These findings provide baseline data for the quantitative assessment of physical and psychological health risks for personnel in isolated and confined chambers, offering practical reference for the design optimization of such chambers, personnel health protection, and management strategy development. Nevertheless, the applicability of these findings in aerospace, maritime, and other domains requires further validation.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16289/j.cnki.1002-0837.2026.03001
中图分类号:R852
引用信息:
[1]张洁,徐选辉,谭立刚,等.隔离密闭舱室120小时连续暴露对人员生理与心理健康的影响[J].航天医学与医学工程,2026,37(03):225-232.DOI:10.16289/j.cnki.1002-0837.2026.03001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金委重大项目课题（T2192933）; 中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2024M761734）
2025-07-23
2025
2026-02-06
2026-02-28
2026
1
2026-06-25
2026-06-25