航天医学与医学工程

目的 构建基于模拟任务的军事飞行员地面脑力疲劳诱发范式，并对范式诱发军事飞行员脑力疲劳状态进行评估。方法 招募50名军事飞行员，连续开展100 min基于心算和飞行态势保持的模拟飞行任务，采集模拟飞行任务前后的主观疲劳量表评分、闪光融合频率、认知任务行为学指标（反应时及反应时相关指标）与脑电指标（伴随性负电位变化），评价该模拟飞行任务诱发脑力疲劳的可靠性。结果 完成模拟任务后主观疲劳程度显著上升（t=4.16,P<0.001），对红光的闪光融合频率区分度下降（t=–3.16,P=0.015），反应时方差显著上升（t=6.083,P<0.001），反应时大于300 ms及400 ms的比率均显著上升（大于300 ms:z=2.527,P<0.01；大于400 ms:z=2.207,P<0.05），伴随性负电位变化波幅亦有显著负向改变（FCz、Cz、CPz、POz四个电极改变显著）。结论 该模拟任务成功诱发了军事飞行员脑力疲劳状态。

Objective To construct a ground-based mental fatigue induction paradigm for military pilots with a simulated task and to evaluate its effectiveness in inducing a state of mental fatigue. Methods 50 military pilots were recruited to continually perform a 100-minute simulated flight task involving mental arithmetic and flight situation maintenance. Subjective fatigue ratings, critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF), cognitive task behavioral indicators(reaction time and related metrics), and electroencephalography(EEG) indicators(contingent negative variation, CNV) were collected before and after the task to assess the reliability of the paradigm in inducing mental fatigue. Results After completing the simulated task, subjective fatigue levels increased significantly(t=4.16, P<0.001). Discrimination of red light flicker fusion frequency decreased(t=-3.16, P=0.015). Reaction time variance increased significantly(t=6.083, P<0.01). The proportions of reaction time exceeding 300 ms and 400 ms were both increased significantly(exceeding 300 ms: z=2.527, P<0.01; exceeding 400 ms: z=2.207, P<0.05). The amplitude of the CNV also showed significant negative changes(significant changes observed at FCz, Cz, CPz, and POz electrodes). Conclusion The simulated task could successfully induce a state of mental fatigue in military pilots.