航天医学与医学工程

目的 运用文献计量学方法分析2004—2024年航天医学领域的研究热点、知识结构及演化趋势，识别高影响力研究主题和研究前沿，为相关研究提供数据支持与决策参考。方法 以Web of Science核心合集数据库为数据源，采用VOSviewer(1.6.20)和CiteSpace(6.4.R1)文献计量工具，对航天医学相关文献进行可视化分析，内容包括发文量趋势、国家和机构分布、作者合作网络、关键词共现及高被引文献聚类等多个维度。结果 共检索到符合条件的文献6 217篇。研究表明，航天医学文献年发文量整体呈上升趋势，2018年后增长尤为显著；美国、中国在该领域处于领先地位；关键词聚类分析显示，微重力效应、太空辐射、生物标志物、微生物组与人工智能等为当前研究热点；同时，机器学习、虚拟现实、个性化健康预测等问题正成为新兴关注方向。结论 航天医学正处于由基础生理研究向多系统交叉融合与技术应用拓展的转型阶段。未来研究将更加注重多组学整合、生物防护策略、智能健康监测及空间医学工程的融合创新。本研究有助于厘清该领域的知识图谱与发展脉络，为航天任务的健康保障及地面相关医学研究提供理论参考和研究借鉴。

Objective To analyze research hotspots, knowledge structures, and evolutionary trends in the fi eld of space medicine from 2004 to 2024 using bibliometric methods, and to identify high-impact research topics and emerging frontiers, thereby providing data support and decision-making references for related research. Methods Using the Web of Science Core Collection as the data source, bibliometric tools VOSviewer(1.6.20) and CiteSpace(6.4.R1) were used to conduct visualized analyses of space medicine-related literature, encompassing trends in publication volume, country and institutional distribution, author collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence, and clustering of highly cited documents. Results 6 217 eligible publications were retrieved. The annual publication volume in space medicine has shown an overall upward trend, with particularly significant growth after 2018. The United States and China lead the field in terms of research output. Keyword clustering analysis indicated that microgravity eff ects, space radiation, biomarkers, microbiome, and artifi cial intelligence(AI) represent current research hotspots; meanwhile, machine learning, virtual reality, and personalized health prediction are emerging areas of interest. Conclusion Space medicine is in a transitional phase from basic physiological research toward multisystem interdisciplinary integration and technological application expansion. Future research should increasingly emphasize multi-omics integration, biological protection strategies, intelligent health monitoring, and the convergence innovation of space medical engineering. This study clarifi es the knowledge map and development trajectory of the fi eld, providing theoretical references and research insights for health assurance during space missions and ground-based medical research.