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本文深入探讨了长期飞行人员胃肠功能紊乱的中医病机、发病机制以及针灸在其治疗中的潜在应用。长期飞行人员胃肠功能紊乱的主要病位在脾、胃、大肠、小肠，与肝、肾密切相关。其基本病机为航天环境导致机体阴阳失衡，脏腑功能失调，胃气上逆，脾胃失养，运化失常，大肠、小肠失于分清泌浊，传导失司。初起以气血郁滞等实证为主，随着在轨时间的延长，后期阴损及阳，以虚证为主。航天环境，如失重、太空辐射、节律改变和幽闭空间等，会对航天员的胃肠功能产生显著负面影响，主要表现为胃肠结构改变、肠道菌群失调、炎症反应以及血液循环障碍等。针灸作为一种传统医学手段，可通过神经-内分泌-免疫途径多靶点改善胃肠功能。构建航天疾病穴位组库，结合现代科技创新性地开发兼具安全性、精准性及个性化的穿戴式穴位刺激技术，将为长期飞行人员胃肠功能紊乱的防治提供全新技术路径与解决方案。
Abstract：This article delves into the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pathogenesis and mechanisms of gastrointestinal dysfunction, disease mechanisms and the potential application of acupuncture in treating gastrointestinal dysfunction among long-duration spaceflight astronauts. The main pathological sites of gastrointestinal dysfunction in astronauts are closely related to the spleen, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, liver, and kidneys. The fundamental pathogenesis is characterized by an imbalance of yin and yang induced by the spaceflight environment, leading to dysfunction of the zangfu organs, manifesting as upward reversal of stomach qi, malnourishment of the spleen and stomach, impaired transportation and transformation, failure of the large and small intestines to separate the clear from the turbid, and disruption of conveyance. Initially, the condition is primarily characterized by excess syndromes such as qi and blood stagnation. However, with prolonged time in space, there is a shift towards deficiency syndromes primarily due to damage to yin and yang. The space environment, including microgravity, space radiation, circadian rhythm disruption, and confinement, can significantly negatively impact astronauts' gastrointestinal function, mainly manifested as changes in gastrointestinal structure, dysbiosis, inflammatory responses, and circulatory disorders. Acupuncture, as a traditional medical approach, can improve gastrointestinal function through multi-target pathways such as neuro-endocrine-immune mechanisms. Establishing a comprehensive acupoint database for aerospace disorders, coupled with the innovative development of modern wearable acupoint stimulation technology prioritizing safety, precision, and personalization, presents novel technical approaches and solutions for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction in long-duration spaceflight astronauts.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16289/j.cnki.1002-0837.2026.02015
中图分类号:R856.2
引用信息:
[1]刘禹杉,章明星,张世科,等.针灸防治长期飞行人员胃肠功能紊乱的应用展望[J].航天医学与医学工程,2026,37(02):211-217.DOI:10.16289/j.cnki.1002-0837.2026.02015.
基金信息:
载人航天工程航天医学实验领域项目（HYZHXMX02002）
2026-04-25
2026-04-25